Postural Control
The complex neurological and biomechanical system that maintains body position and balance through continuous adjustment and integration of sensory information.
Postural Control
Postural control represents the body's sophisticated ability to maintain and adjust position in space, serving as a fundamental component of human movement and balance. This system operates through continuous feedback loops involving multiple sensory and motor systems.
Core Components
Sensory Systems
- vestibular system - Provides information about head position and movement
- visual system - Offers environmental context and spatial orientation
- proprioception - Delivers data about body position and joint angles
- somatosensory system - Provides tactile feedback and pressure information
Motor Response
- muscle tone maintenance
- anticipatory postural adjustments
- reactive balance strategies
- core stability
Integration and Processing
The central nervous system integrates information from multiple sources through:
- cerebellum coordination
- basal ganglia regulation
- motor cortex planning
- brainstem reflexes
Development and Learning
Postural control develops through:
Clinical Implications
Disorders affecting postural control include:
Assessment Methods
Rehabilitation Approaches
Treatment strategies often involve:
- balance training
- sensory integration therapy
- strength training
- visual feedback systems
Environmental Factors
Postural control is influenced by:
- gravity
- Surface conditions
- environmental constraints
- task demands
Applications
Understanding postural control is crucial for:
The maintenance of postural control represents a dynamic process that requires continuous adaptation and refinement throughout life, making it essential for both basic daily activities and complex motor skills.